Research - 1

Source: Beginning to theorize adaptation, by Linda Hutcheon, 2006

'Walter Benjamin's insight that "storytelling is always the art of repeating stories"'

'Like parodies, adaptations have an overt and defining relationships to prior texts, usually revealingly called "sources." Unlike parodies, however, adaptations usually openly announce this relationship.'

'Repetition with variation, from the comfort of ritual combined with the piquancy of surprise. Recognition and remembrance are part of the please (and risk) of experiencing adaptation; so too is change.'

'It is not simply a matter of risk-avoidance; there is money to be made.'

'Film adaptations based on videogames are yet another way of taking one "property" in a "franchise" and reusing it on another medium. Not only will audiences already familiar with the "franchise" be attracted to the new "Repurposing", but new consumers will also be created.'

Highly relevant quote, could also link w/ other quotes regarding horizontal integration. Doesn't always guarantee success. *dispute*

'If a film can be said to have a three-act structure - a beginning in which a conflict is established; a middle in which the implications of the conflict are played out; an end where the conflict is resolved - then a videogame adaptation of a film can be argues to have a different three-act structure. The introductory material, often presented in what are called "movie cut-scenes," is the first act; the second is the core gameplay experience; the third is the climax, again often filmed in cut-scenes.' Lindley 2002:206

'What is more relevant in a game adaptation is the fact that players can inhabit a known fictional, often striking, visual world of digital animation.'

Good definition of adaptation:

'Adaptation is  repetition, but repetition without replication. And there are manifestly many different possible intentions behind the act of adaptation: the urge to consume and erase memory of the adapted text or to call it into question is as likely as the desire to pay tribute by copying.' 

Dictionary definition of adaption:

to adjust, to alter, to make suitable.

Dictionary definition of ludology:
the study of games and gaming, especially video games.

appeals listed:

-intertextuality - we experience adaptations as palimpsests through our memory of other works that resonate through repetition with variation.

-the act of adaptation always involves both (re-)interpretation and then (re-)creation

-an adaptation is an announced and extensive transposition of a particular work or works.